International Custody Lawyers

If you believe that your child is at risk of being takenstrongly recommend that you hire an experienced
out of the country by his other parent, or if this hasattorney to handle this.
already happened, there are several things you mustIf your child has been taken
and should do immediately. If your child is still in theIf your child has been abducted, you need to act
country, you and your attorney should work onimmediately. First, contact local law enforcement and
precautionary measures, such as finalizing a specificmake a missing-person report and ensure that they
custody order, which is discussed in more detail below.enter this information into the NCIC, which is run by the
If your child has already been taken, you shouldFBI. Also make a report with the National Center for
contact local law enforcement immediately andMissing and Exploited Children and call the U.S.
possibly file an application under the Hague ConventionDepartment of State (Office of Children's Issues) to
on Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, whichdiscuss your situation and obtain further advice.
is also explained in further detail below.Next, you need to figure out whether you can file an
Before your child is takenapplication under the Hague Convention (your attorney
Oftentimes, there are warning signs of the otheradvise you on this). The Hague Convention is an
parent's intentions. Being aware of these warning signsinternational agreement between and among certain
can help prevent a child abduction to a foreign country.countries that agree to help each other recover and
Some of the things to look out for include whether thereturn abducted children. (Review the link for a list of
other parent lacks financial or familial ties to thispartner countries: )
country but has a strong network of family and friendsYou will note that many countries are not a party to
in his or her home country. If he or she has threatenedthis agreement and it does not apply to children 16
to take your child out of the country or tried to do so inyears or older. Oftentimes, the other country will hold a
the past, this is a major red flag. Also ask yourself iftrial and look at the facts as well as identify the child's
the other parent needs to be here for financial reasonscountry of "habitual residence" in making a decision. If
or if he or she is financially independent, have theythe child is considered mature enough (no specific age
applied for a passport for themselves or the child,designated), their wishes will also be considered.
have they quit their job, sold their home or changedThe foreign court does not make a decision regarding
immigration status. These are all things that may pointcustody but rather whether the child should be
to an imminent departure and perhaps with your child.returned for a custody determination. It is also
You should talk to your attorney immediately if you areimportant to note that the foreign court does not have
concerned. Together, you can work on creating ato honor a custody order that you may already have
custody order or modify an existing one with certainbut it may help. You will likely need an attorney in the
preventive measures.country and your attorney here should help you find
To be effective, the order should be specific andsomeone and work with them to ensure that all proper
properly made. Visitation, for example, should outlinemeasures are taken to find and return your child.
certain days and times and not state "reasonableYou should file an application under the Hague
visitation" which is too subjective and difficult toConvention immediately because if it has been over a
enforce. You should also consider adding provisionsyear, the other country may decide that the child is
about supervised visitation, allowing law enforcementalready acclimated to the new country and should not
to assist with violations of the order and specificallybe returned.
prohibiting certain pick up places such as day care orA Hague Convention application is a civil matter, not
school.criminal. An experienced attorney will help you weigh
To be properly made, the court must have jurisdictionwhether or not you should seek criminal charges
(the power to make the order in your case), and noticeagainst the other parent. Some countries will not return
must be made to the other parent. Your attorneya child if the parent will be arrested or prosecuted. So,
should guide you in these procedural matters andthis is something you need to carefully weigh with your
ensure that the order is properly made.attorney.
Other actions you can take include asking the court toIf your child has been taken to a country that is not
have the child's passport surrendered and/or preventpart of the Hague Convention, you can try to go
the other parent from applying for a passport for thethrough the judicial system of that country to obtain a
child. You can also notify the Department of State ofcustody order in that country or have your existing
these court orders and have any applications for acustody order enforced. Of course, your success will
passport for your child flagged.depend on the facts and the country involved. While
Other practical actions you can take include thesome countries have consistently worked with the U.S.
following: take pictures of your child, know their socialin child abduction cases, other countries are less
security number, get them fingerprinted, notify schoolscooperative, and even resistant.
and daycares of any custody orders and give themSince local, federal and international laws are in play
certified copies and know all the pertinent personalwhen a child is abducted and taken to a foreign
information of the other parent (social security number,country, it is highly recommended that you obtain an
driver's license number, passport information).attorney experienced in not only international family law
If you believe your child is risk of being taken at anybut child abduction. Such an attorney can guide you
moment and there is no court order regarding custody,through the process and formulate a plan for returning
you can get an emergency order preventing the otheryour child safely.
parent from taking your child out of the country. We